Chemotherapy Drugs

Chemotherapy drugs do a very specific job: keep cancer from growing and spreading. These medications are designed to attack fast-reproducing cells and prevent them from reproducing. They either kill off the cancer cells completely or get them moving so slowly that they give the body a fighting chance.

Chemo drugs can be administered via an IV in the hospital or the form of chemotherapy pills taken at home. This is all individually chosen based on what type of cancer, how far along, and how well a body will hold up in response.

Types of Chemotherapy Drugs

Alkylating Agents

These medications stop cancer cells from proliferating by damaging their DNA. Leukaemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors are among the many types of cancer that are treated using alkylating agents.

Examples: Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide.

Antimetabolites

Antimetabolites are chemotherapy meds that interfere with the synthesis of DNA and RNA, which are essential for the growth of cancer cells.

Examples: Methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), Capecitabine (a common chemotherapy pill).

Antitumor Antibiotics

These antibiotics are not the same as the usual antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections. Antitumor antibiotics function by attaching themselves to the DNA of cancer cells and stopping cell division.

Examples: Doxorubicin, Mitomycin.

Topoisomerase Inhibitors

Topoisomerase Inhibitors block enzymes that aid in cell division, thereby halting or slowing the spread of cancer.

Examples: Irinotecan, Etoposide.

Mitotic Inhibitors

By focusing on the mitotic process, mitotic inhibitors prevent cells from dividing and hence stop more growth of the cancerous cells.

Examples: Paclitaxel, Vincristine.

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